HISTORIOGRAPHY 1610825902

  1. ^Jump up to:a b Edwin Bryant & Maria Ekstrand 2004, pp. 21–24.
  2. ^ Jump up to:a b Edwin Bryant & Maria Ekstrand 2004, pp. 20–25, quote: "Three Dimensions of Krishna's Divinity (...) divine majesty and supremacy; (...) divine tenderness and intimacy; (...) compassion and protection.; (..., p.24) Krishna as the God of Love".
  3. ^ Swami Sivananda (1964). Sri Krishna. Bharatiya Vidya Bhavan. p. 4.
  4. ^ "Krishna the Yogeshwara". The Hindu. 12 September 2014.
  5. ^ Jump up to:a b Bryant 2007, p. 114.
  6. ^ Jump up to:a b K. Klostermaier (1997). The Charles Strong Trust Lectures, 1972–1984. Crotty, Robert B. Brill Academic Pub. p. 109. ISBN 978-90-04-07863-5. "(...) After attaining to fame eternal, he again took up his real nature as Brahman. The most important among Visnu's avataras is undoubtedly Krsna, the black one, also called Syama. For his worshippers he is not an avatara in the usual sense, but Svayam Bhagavan, the Lord himself.
  7. ^ Raychaudhuri 1972, p. 124
  8. ^ Jump up to:a b c Diana L. Eck (2012). India: A Sacred Geography. Harmony. pp. 380–381. ISBN 978-0-385-53190-0., Quote: "Krishna was shot through the foot, hand, and heart by the single arrow of a hunter named Jara. Krishna was reclining there, so they say, and Jara mistook his reddish foot for a deer and released his arrow. There Krishna died."
  9. ^ Naravane, Vishwanath S. (1987). A Companion to Indian Mythology: Hindu, Buddhist & Jaina. Thinker's Library, Technical Publishing House.
  10. ^ Sinha, Purnendu Narayana (1950). A Study of the Bhagavata Purana: Or, Esoteric Hinduism. Library of Alexandria. ISBN 978-1-4655-2506-2.
  11. ^ Jump up to:a b John Stratton Hawley, Donna Marie Wulff (1982). The Divine Consort: Rādhā and the Goddesses of India. Motilal Banarsidass Publisher. p. 12. ISBN 978-0-89581-102-8.
  12. ^ Jump up to:a b c Bryant 2007, p. 443.
  13. ^ "Krishna". Random House Webster's Unabridged Dictionary.
  14. ^ "Krishna". Encyclopædia Britannica Online.
  15. ^ Ben-Ami Scharfstein (1993). Ineffability: The Failure of Words in Philosophy and Religion. State University of New York Press. p. 166. ISBN 978-0-7914-1347-0.
  16. ^ Freda Matchett (2001). Krishna, Lord Or Avatara?. Psychology Press. p. 199. ISBN 978-0-7007-1281-6.
  17. ^ "Krishna". Ancient History Encyclopedia.
  18. ^ James G. Lochtefeld (2002). The Illustrated Encyclopedia of Hinduism: A-M. The Rosen Publishing Group. pp. 314–315. ISBN 978-0-8239-3179-8.
  19. ^ Richard Thompson, Ph.D. (December 1994). "Reflections on the Relation Between Religion and Modern Rationalism". Archived from the original on 4 January 2011. Retrieved 12 April 2008.
  20. ^ Jump up to:a b Mahony, W. K. (1987). "Perspectives on Krsna's Various Personalities". History of Religions. 26 (3): 333–335. doi:10.1086/463085. JSTOR 1062381. S2CID 164194548., Quote: "Krsna's various appearances as a divine hero, alluring god child, cosmic prankster, perfect lover, and universal supreme being (...)".
  21. ^ Knott 2000, pp. 15, 36, 56
  22. ^ Jump up to:a b Hein, Norvin (1986). "A Revolution in Kṛṣṇaism: The Cult of Gopāla". History of Religions. 25 (4): 296–317. doi:10.1086/463051. JSTOR 1062622. S2CID 162049250.
  23. ^ Jump up to:a b Ravi Gupta and Kenneth Valpey (2013), The Bhagavata Purana, Columbia University Press, ISBN 978-0231149990, pages 185–200
  24. ^ Jump up to:a b Bryant 2007, pp. 118.
  25. ^ Jump up to:a b ML Varadpande (1987), History of Indian Theatre, Vol 1, Abhinav, ISBN 978-8170172215, pages 98–99
  26. ^ J. Gordon Melton (2011). Religious Celebrations: An Encyclopedia of Holidays, Festivals, Solemn Observances, and Spiritual Commemorations. ABC-CLIO. pp. 330–331. ISBN 978-1-59884-205-0.
  27. ^ Cynthia Packert (2010). The Art of Loving Krishna: Ornamentation and Devotion. Indiana University Press. pp. 5, 70–71, 181–187. ISBN 978-0-253-22198-8.
  28. ^ Bryant 2007, p. 3.
  29. ^ Lavanya Vemsani (2016). Krishna in History, Thought, and Culture. ABC-CLIO. pp. 112–113. ISBN 978-1-61069-211-3.
  30. ^ Selengut, Charles (1996). "Charisma and Religious Innovation:Prabhupada and the Founding of ISKCON". ISKCON Communications Journal. 4 (2). Archived from the original on 10 July 2012.
  31. ^ Jump up to:a b * Monier Williams Sanskrit-English Dictionary (2008 revision)
  32. ^ Bryant 2007, p. 382
  33. ^ Monier Monier Williams, Go-vinda, Sanskrit English Dictionary and Ettymology, Oxford University Press, p. 336, 3rd column
  34. ^ Bryant 2007, p. 17
  35. ^ Hiltebeitel, Alf (2001). Rethinking the Mahābhārata: a reader's guide to the education of the dharma king. Chicago: University of Chicago Press. pp. 251–53, 256, 259. ISBN 978-0-226-34054-8.
  36. ^ B. M. Misra (18 June 2007). Orissa: Shri Krishna Jagannatha: the Mushali parva from Sarala's Mahabharata. Oxford University Press, USA. ISBN 978-0-19-514891-6.
  37. ^ Bryant 2007, p. 139.
  38. ^ For the historic Jagannath temple in Ranchi, Jharkhand see: Francis Bradley Bradley-Birt (1989). Chota Nagpur, a Little-known Province of the Empire. Asian Educational Services (Orig: 1903). pp. 61–64. ISBN 978-81-206-1287-7.
  39. ^ Jump up to:a b c d e Flood, Gavin D. (1996). An Introduction to Hinduism. Cambridge University Press. p. 119-120. ISBN 978-0-521-43878-0.
  40. ^ Singh, Upinder (2008). A History of Ancient and Early Medieval India: From the Stone Age to the 12th Century. Pearson Education India. pp. 436–438. ISBN 978-81-317-1120-0.
  41. ^ Osmund Bopearachchi, Emergence of Viṣṇu and Śiva Images in India: Numismatic and Sculptural Evidence, 2016.
  42. ^ Jump up to:a b Srinivasan, Doris (1997). Many Heads, Arms, and Eyes: Origin, Meaning, and Form of Multiplicity in Indian Art. BRILL. p. 215. ISBN 978-90-04-10758-8.
  43. ^ Jump up to:a b c d e Osmund Bopearachchi (2016). "Emergence of Viṣṇu and Śiva Images in India: Numismatic and Sculptural Evidence".
  44. ^ Audouin, Rémy, and Paul Bernard, "Trésor de monnaies indiennes et indo-grecques d'Aï Khanoum (Afghanistan). II. Les monnaies indo-grecques." Revue numismatique 6, no. 16 (1974), pp. 6–41 (in French).
  45. ^ Nilakanth Purushottam Joshi, Iconography of Balarāma, Abhinav Publications, 1979, p. 22
  46. ^ Jump up to:a b c F. R. Allchin; George Erdosy (1995). The Archaeology of Early Historic South Asia: The Emergence of Cities and States. Cambridge University Press. pp. 309–310. ISBN 978-0-521-37695-2.
  47. ^ L. A. Waddell (1914), Besnagar Pillar Inscription B Re-Interpreted, The Journal of the Royal Asiatic Society of Great Britain and Ireland, Cambridge University Press, pp.  1031–1037
  48. ^ Richard Salomon (1998). Indian Epigraphy: A Guide to the Study of Inscriptions in Sanskrit, Prakrit, and the other Indo-Aryan Languages. Oxford University Press. pp. 265–267. ISBN 978-0-19-535666-3.
  49. ^ Benjamín Preciado-Solís (1984). The Kṛṣṇa Cycle in the Purāṇas: Themes and Motifs in a Heroic Saga. Motilal Banarsidass. p. 34. ISBN 978-0-89581-226-1.
  50. ^ M D Khare 1967.
  51. ^ John Irwin 1974, pp. 169-176 with Figure 2 and 3.
  52. ^ Susan V Mishra & Himanshu P Ray 2017, p. 5.
  53. ^ Burjor Avari (2016). India: The Ancient Past: A History of the Indian Subcontinent from C. 7000 BCE to CE 1200. Routledge. pp. 165–167. ISBN 978-1-317-23673-3.
  54. ^ Richard Salomon (1998). Indian Epigraphy: A Guide to the Study of Inscriptions in Sanskrit, Prakrit, and the Other Indo-Aryan Languages. Oxford University Press. pp. 86–87. ISBN 978-0-19-509984-3.
  55. ^ Manohar Laxman Varadpande (1982). Krishna Theatre in India. Abhinav Publications. pp. 6–7. ISBN 978-81-7017-151-5.
  56. ^ Barnett, Lionel David (1922). Hindu Gods and Heroes: Studies in the History of the Religion of India. J. Murray. p. 93.
  57. ^ Puri, B. N. (1968). India in the Time of Patanjali. Bhartiya Vidya Bhavan.Page 51: The coins of Rajuvula have been recovered from the Sultanpur District...the Brahmi inscription on the Mora stone slab, now in the Mathura Museum,
  58. ^ Doris Srinivasan (1997). Many Heads, Arms, and Eyes: Origin, Meaning, and Form of Multiplicity in Indian Art. BRILL Academic. pp. 214–215 with footnotes. ISBN 90-04-10758-4.
  59. ^ Jason Neelis (2010). Early Buddhist Transmission and Trade Networks: Mobility and Exchange Within and Beyond the Northwestern Borderlands of South Asia. BRILL Academic. pp. 271–272. ISBN 978-90-04-18159-5.
  60. ^ Jump up to:a b c Bhattacharya, Sunil Kumar (1996). Krishna-cult in Indian Art. M.D. Publications Pvt. Ltd. p. 27. ISBN 978-81-7533-001-6.
  61. ^ Wendy Doniger (2008). "Britannica: Mahabharata". encyclopedia. Encyclopædia Britannica Online. Retrieved 13 October 2008.
  62. ^ Maurice Winternitz (1981), History of Indian Literature, Vol. 1, Delhi, Motilal Banarsidass, ISBN 978-0836408010, pages 426–431
  63. ^ Jump up to:a b John Stratton Hawley (2014). Krishna, The Butter Thief. Princeton University Press. pp. 3–8. ISBN 978-1-4008-5540-7.
  64. ^ Natubhai Shah 2004, p. 23.
  65. ^ Jump up to:a b Max Müller, Chandogya Upanishad 3.16–3.17, The Upanishads, Part I, Oxford University Press, pages 50–53 with footnotes
  66. ^ Edwin Bryant and Maria Ekstrand (2004), The Hare Krishna Movement, Columbia University Press, ISBN 978-0231122566, pages 33–34 with note 3
  67. ^ Sandilya Bhakti Sutra SS Rishi (Translator), Sree Gaudia Math (Madras)
  68. ^ WG Archer (2004), The Loves of Krishna in Indian Painting and Poetry, Dover, ISBN 978-0486433714, page 5
  69. ^ Jump up to:a b Bryant 2007, p. 4
  70. ^ Sunil Kumar Bhattacharya Krishna-cult in Indian Art. 1996 M. D. Publications Pvt. Ltd. ISBN 81-7533-001-5 p.128: Satha-patha-brahmana and Aitareya-Aranyaka with reference to first chapter.
  71. ^ [1] Archived 17 February 2012 at the Wayback Machine
  72. ^ Pâṇ. IV. 3. 98, Vâsudevârjunâbhyâm vun. See Bhandarkar, Vaishnavism and Śaivism, p. 3 and J.R.A.S. 1910, p. 168. Sûtra 95, just above, appears to point to bhakti, faith or devotion, felt for this Vâsudeva.
  73. ^ Sunil Kumar Bhattacharya Krishna-cult in Indian Art. 1996 M. D. Publications Pvt. Ltd. ISBN 81-7533-001-5 p.1
  74. ^ Jump up to:a b c Bryant 2007, p. 5.
  75. ^ Bryant 2007, pp. 5–6.
  76. ^ Jump up to:a b Bryant 2007, p. 6.
  77. ^ Hemacandra Abhidhânacintâmani, Ed. Boehtlingk and Rien, p. 128, and Barnett's translation of the Antagada Dasāo, pp. 13–15 and 67–82.
  78. ^ Bryant 2007, p. 5
  79. ^ Gopal, Madan (1990). K.S. Gautam (ed.). India through the ages. Publication Division, Ministry of Information and Broadcasting, Government of India. p. 73.
  80. ^ Flood, Gavin D. (1996). An Introduction to Hinduism. Cambridge University Press. p. 110-111. ISBN 978-0-521-43878-0.
  81. ^ Elkman, S. M.; Gosvami, J. (1986). Jiva Gosvamin's Tattvasandarbha: A Study on the Philosophical and Sectarian Development of the Gaudiya Vaisnava Movement. Motilal Banarsidass.
  82. ^ Rocher 1986, pp. 18, 49–53, 245–249.
  83. ^ Gregory Bailey (2003). Arvind Sharma (ed.). The Study of Hinduism. University of South Carolina Press. pp. 141–142. ISBN 978-1-57003-449-7.
  84. ^ Barbara Holdrege (2015), Bhakti and Embodiment, Routledge, ISBN 978-0415670708, pp. 109–110
  85. ^ Richard Thompson (2007), The Cosmology of the Bhagavata Purana 'Mysteries of the Sacred Universe, Motilal Banarsidass, ISBN 978-8120819191
  86. ^ Jump up to:a b Bryant 2007, p. 112.
  87. ^ Matchett 2001, pp. 127–137.
  88. ^ T. Richard Blurton (1993). Hindu Art. Harvard University Press. pp. 133–134. ISBN 978-0-674-39189-5.
  89. ^ Guy, John (7 April 2014). Lost Kingdoms: Hindu-Buddhist Sculpture of Early Southeast Asia. Metropolitan Museum of Art. pp. 222–223. ISBN 978-1-58839-524-5.
  90. ^ [a] Cooler, Richard M. (1978). "Sculpture, Kingship, and the Triad of Phnom Da". Artibus Asiae. 40 (1): 29–40. doi:10.2307/3249812. JSTOR 3249812.;
    [b] Bertrand Porte (2006), "La statue de Kṛṣṇa Govardhana du Phnom Da du Musée National de Phnom Penh." UDAYA, Journal of Khmer Studies, Volume 7, pages 199-205
  91. ^ Vishvanatha, Cakravarti Thakura (2011). Sarartha-darsini (Bhanu Swami ed.). Sri Vaikunta Enterprises. p. 790. ISBN 978-81-89564-13-1.
  92. ^ The Encyclopedia Americana. [s.l.]: Grolier. 1988. p. 589. ISBN 978-0-7172-0119-8.
  93. ^ Benton, William (1974). The New Encyclopædia Britannica. Encyclopædia Britannica. p. 885. ISBN 978-0-85229-290-7.
  94. ^ Harle, J. C. (1994). The art and architecture of the Indian Subcontinent. New Haven, Conn: Yale University Press. p. 410. ISBN 978-0-300-06217-5. figure 327. Manaku, Radha's messenger describing Krishna standing with the cow-girls, gopi from Basohli.
  95. ^ Diana L. Eck (1982). Banaras, City of Light. Columbia University Press. pp. 66–67. ISBN 978-0-231-11447-9.
  96. ^ Ariel Glucklich (2008). The Strides of Vishnu: Hindu Culture in Historical Perspective. Oxford University Press. p. 106. ISBN 978-0-19-971825-2.
  97. ^ T. A. Gopinatha Rao (1993). Elements of Hindu iconography. Motilal Banarsidass. pp. 210–212. ISBN 978-81-208-0878-2.
  98. ^ Hoiberg, Dale; Ramchandani, Indu (2000). Students' Britannica India. Popular Prakashan. p. 251. ISBN 978-0-85229-760-5.
  99. ^ Satsvarupa dasa Goswami (1998). The Qualities of Sri Krsna. GNPress. pp. 152 pages. ISBN 978-0-911233-64-3.
  100. ^ Stuart Cary Welch (1985). India: Art and Culture, 1300–1900. Metropolitan Museum of Art. p. 58. ISBN 978-0-03-006114-1.
  101. ^ Jump up to:a b Vithoba is not only viewed as a form of Krishna. He is also by some considered that of Vishnu, Shiva and Gautama Buddha according to various traditions. See: Kelkar, Ashok R. (2001) [1992]. "Sri-Vitthal: Ek Mahasamanvay (Marathi) by R. C. Dhere". Encyclopaedia of Indian literature. 5. Sahitya Akademi. p. 4179. ISBN 9788126012213. Retrieved 20 September 2008. and Mokashi, Digambar Balkrishna; Engblom, Philip C. (1987). Palkhi: a pilgrimage to Pandharpur — translated from the Marathi book Pālakhī by Philip C. Engblom. Albany: State University of New York Press. p. 35. ISBN 978-0-88706-461-6.
  102. ^ Tryna Lyons (2004). The Artists of Nathdwara: The Practice of Painting in Rajasthan. Indiana University Press. pp. 16–22. ISBN 978-0-253-34417-5.
  103. ^ Kunissery Ramakrishnier Vaidyanathan (1992). Sri Krishna, the Lord of Guruvayur. Bharatiya Vidya Bhavan. pp. 2–5.
  104. ^ T. A. Gopinatha Rao (1993). Elements of Hindu iconography. Motilal Banarsidass. pp. 201–204. ISBN 978-81-208-0878-2.
  105. ^ T. A. Gopinatha Rao (1993). Elements of Hindu iconography. Motilal Banarsidass. pp. 204–208. ISBN 978-81-208-0878-2.
  106. ^ Amit Guha, Krishnalila in Terracotta Temples
  107. ^ Matchett 2001, p. 145.
  108. ^ The Poems of Sūradāsa. Abhinav publications. 1999. ISBN 9788170173694.
  109. ^ "Yashoda and Krishna". Metmuseum.org. 10 October 2011. Archived from the originalon 13 October 2008. Retrieved 23 October 2011.
  110. ^ Sanghi, Ashwin (2012). The Krishna key. Chennai: Westland. p. Key7. ISBN 9789381626689. Retrieved 9 June 2016.
  111. ^ Lok Nath Soni (2000). The Cattle and the Stick: An Ethnographic Profile of the Raut of Chhattisgarh. Anthropological Survey of India, Government of India, Ministry of Tourism and Culture, Department of Culture, Delhi: Anthropological Survey of India, Government of India, Ministry of Tourism and Culture, Department of Culture, 2000 Original from the University of Michigan. p. 16. ISBN 978-8185579573.
  112. ^ Bryant 2007, pp. 124–130,224
  113. ^ Lynne Gibson (1999). Merriam-Webster's Encyclopedia of World Religions. Merriam-Webster. p. 503.
  114. ^ Schweig, G. M. (2005). Dance of divine love: The Rasa Lila of Krishna from the Bhagavata Purana, India's classic sacred love story. Princeton University Press, Princeton, NJ; Oxford. ISBN 978-0-691-11446-0.
  115. ^ Jump up to:a b c Largen, Kristin Johnston (September 2011). God at Play: Seeing God Through the Lens of the Young Krishna. Wiley-Blackwell.
  116. ^ "Krishna Rajamannar with His Wives, Rukmini and Satyabhama, and His Mount, Garuda | LACMA Collections". collections.lacma.org. Retrieved 23 September 2014.
  117. ^ Bryant 2007, p. 290
  118. ^ Rao, Shanta Rameshwar (2005). Krishna. New Delhi: Orient Longman. p. 108. ISBN 9788125026969.
  119. ^ D Dennis Hudson (27 August 2008). The Body of God : An Emperor's Palace for Krishna in Eighth-Century Kanchipuram: An Emperor's Palace for Krishna in Eighth-Century Kanchipuram. Oxford University Press. pp. 263–4. ISBN 978-0-19-970902-1. Retrieved 28 March 2013.
  120. ^ D Dennis Hudson (27 August 2008). The Body of God : An Emperor's Palace for Krishna in Eighth-Century Kanchipuram: An Emperor's Palace for Krishna in Eighth-Century Kanchipuram. Oxford University Press. pp. 102–103, 263–273. ISBN 978-0-19-970902-1. Retrieved 28 March 2013.
  121. ^ George Mason Williams (18 June 2008). Handbook of Hindu Mythology. Oxford University Press. pp. 188, 222. ISBN 978-0-19-533261-2. Retrieved 10 March 2013.
  122. ^ Rosen 2006, p. 136
  123. ^ John Stratton Hawley, Donna Marie Wulff (1982). The Divine Consort: Rādhā and the Goddesses of India. Motilal Banarsidass Publisher. p. 12. ISBN 978-0-89581-102-8., Quote: "The regional texts vary in the identity of Krishna's wife (consort), some presenting it as Rukmini, some as Radha, some as Svaminiji, some adding all gopis, and some identifying all to be different aspects or manifestation of one Devi Lakshmi."
  124. ^ Krishna in the Bhagavad Gita, by Robert N. Minor in Bryant 2007, pp. 77–79
  125. ^ Jeaneane D. Fowler (2012). The Bhagavad Gita: A Text and Commentary for Students. Sussex Academic Press. pp. 1–7. ISBN 978-1-84519-520-5.
  126. ^ Eknath Easwaran (2007). The Bhagavad Gita: (Classics of Indian Spirituality). Nilgiri Press. pp. 21–59. ISBN 978-1-58638-019-9.
  127. ^ Bryant 2007, pp. 148
  128. ^ Mani, Vettam (1975). Puranic Encyclopaedia: A Comprehensive Dictionary With Special Reference to the Epic and Puranic Literature. Delhi: Motilal Banarsidass. p. 429. ISBN 978-0-8426-0822-0.
  129. ^ Edwin Bryant (2003). Krishna: The Beautiful Legend of God: Srimad Bhagavata Purana. Penguin. pp. 417–418. ISBN 978-0-14-191337-7.
  130. ^ Largen, Kristin Johnston (2011). Baby Krishna, Infant Christ: A Comparative Theology of Salvation. Orbis Books. p. 44. ISBN 978-1-60833-018-8.
  131. ^ Matchett 2001, pp. 9–14, 145–149.
  132. ^ Benjamín Preciado-Solís (1984). The Kṛṣṇa Cycle in the Purāṇas: Themes and Motifs in a Heroic Saga. Motilal Banarsidass. p. 40. ISBN 978-0-89581-226-1., Quote: "Within a period of four or five centuries [around the start of the common era], we encounter our major sources of information, all in different versions. The Mahabharata, the Harivamsa, the Visnu Purana, the Ghata Jataka, and the Bala Carita all appear between the first and the fifth century AD, and each of them represents a tradition of a Krsna cycle different from the others".
  133. ^ Matchett 2001, pp. 145, 44–49, 63–64.
  134. ^ Matchett 2001, pp. 146, 89–104.
  135. ^ Rocher 1986, pp. 18, 245–249.
  136. ^ Matchett 2001, pp. 146–147, 108–115.
  137. ^ Matchett 2001, pp. 145–149.
  138. ^ Rocher 1986, pp. 138–149.
  139. ^ "Gaura Purnima Mahotsava By International Society for Krishna Consciousness (ISKCON)". City: Guwahati. Sentinelassam. 18 March 2019. Retrieved 30 January 2020.
  140. ^ "Alfred Ford on mission to fund biggest temple". City: Hyderabad. Telanganatoday. 14 October 2019. Retrieved 30 January 2020.
  141. ^ Benjamin E. Zeller (2010), Prophets and Protons, New York University Press, ISBN 978-0814797211, pages 77-79
  142. ^ "Hindu's converge at Ramapir Mela near Karachi seeking divine". City: Amritsar. Times of India. 26 September 2019. Retrieved 30 January 2020.
  143. ^ Knott, Kim (2000). Hinduism: A Very Short Introduction. Oxford University Press, USA. ISBN 978-0-19-285387-5.
  144. ^ Beck, Guy (2012). Alternative Krishnas: Regional And Vernacular Variations on a Hindu Deity. Suny Press. pp. 4–5. ISBN 978-0-7914-8341-1.
  145. ^ Vemsani, Lavanya (2016). Krishna in History, Thought, and Culture: An Encyclopedia of the Hindu Lord of Many Names: An Encyclopedia of the Hindu Lord of Many Names. ABC-CLIO. p. 212. ISBN 978-1-61069-211-3.
  146. ^ Bhatt, Saligram (2008). Kashmiri Scholars Contribution to Knowledge and World Peace. APH Publishing. ISBN 9788131304020.
  147. ^ Raman, B. V. (1991). Notable Horoscopes Motilal Banarsidass Publ., 1991, ISBN 8120809009,9788120809000. ISBN 9788120809000. Retrieved 30 December 2015.
  148. ^ RC Hazra (1987), Studies in the Puranic Records on Hindu Rites and Customs, Motilal Banarsidass, ISBN 978-8120804227, pages 6–9 with footnotes.
  149. ^ Ludo Rocher (1986), The Puranas, Otto Harrassowitz Verlag, ISBN 978-3447025225, pages 115–121 with footnotes.
  150. ^ Dimmitt & van Buitenen 2012, p. 5.
  151. ^ Rocher 1986, pp. 49–53.
  152. ^ Jump up to:a b Avril Ann Powell (2010). Scottish Orientalists and India: The Muir Brothers, Religion, Education and Empire. Boydell & Brewer. pp. 130, 128–134, 87–90. ISBN 978-1-84383-579-0.
  153. ^ Ludo Rocher (1986), The Puranas, Otto Harrassowitz Verlag, ISBN 978-3447025225, pp=49–53
  154. ^ Sangave 2001, p. 104.
  155. ^ Zimmer 1953, p. 226.
  156. ^ Hermann Kulke; Dietmar Rothermund (2004). A History of India. Routledge. p. 149. ISBN 978-0-415-32920-0.
  157. ^ Bryant 2007, pp. 329–334 (Francis X Clooney).
  158. ^ Sharma; B. N. Krishnamurti (2000). A History of the Dvaita School of Vedānta and Its Literature. Motilal Banarsidass. pp. 514–516. ISBN 978-8120815759.
  159. ^ Bryant 2007, pp. 358–365 (Deepak Sarma).
  160. ^ Tripurari, Swami. "The Life of Sri Jiva Goswami". Harmonist. Archived from the original on 24 March 2013.
  161. ^ Bryant 2007, pp. 373–378 (Satyanarayana Dasa).
  162. ^ Jindel, Rajendra (1976). Culture of a Sacred Town: A Sociological Study of Nathdwara. Popular Prakashan. pp. 34, 37. ISBN 9788171540402.
  163. ^ Bryant 2007, pp. 479–480 (Richard Barz).
  164. ^ William R. Pinch (1996). "Soldier Monks and Militant Sadhus". In David Ludden (ed.). Contesting the Nation. University of Pennsylvania Press. pp. 148–150. ISBN 978-0-8122-1585-4.
  165. ^ Johannes de Kruijf and Ajaya Sahoo (2014), Indian Transnationalism Online: New Perspectives on Diaspora, ISBN 978-1-4724-1913-2, page 105, Quote: "In other words, according to Adi Shankara's argument, the philosophy of Advaita Vedanta stood over and above all other forms of Hinduism and encapsulated them. This then united Hinduism; (...) Another of Adi Shankara's important undertakings which contributed to the unification of Hinduism was his founding of a number of monastic centers."
  166. ^ Shankara, Student's Encyclopedia Britannia – India (2000), Volume 4, Encyclopaedia Britannica (UK) Publishing, ISBN 978-0-85229-760-5, page 379, Quote: "Shankaracharya, philosopher and theologian, most renowned exponent of the Advaita Vedanta school of philosophy, from whose doctrines the main currents of modern Indian thought are derived.";
    David Crystal (2004), The Penguin Encyclopedia, Penguin Books, page 1353, Quote: "[Shankara] is the most famous exponent of Advaita Vedanta school of Hindu philosophy and the source of the main currents of modern Hindu thought."
  167. ^ Christophe Jaffrelot (1998), The Hindu Nationalist Movement in India, Columbia University Press, ISBN 978-0-231-10335-0, page 2, Quote: "The main current of Hinduism – if not the only one – which became formalized in a way that approximates to an ecclesiastical structure was that of Shankara".
  168. ^ Bryant 2007, pp. 313–318 (Lance Nelson).
  169. ^ Sheridan 1986, pp. 1–2, 17–25.
  170. ^ Kumar Das 2006, pp. 172–173.
  171. ^ Brown 1983, pp. 553–557.
  172. ^ Tracy Pintchman (1994), The rise of the Goddess in the Hindu Tradition, State University of New York Press, ISBN 978-0791421123, pages 132–134
  173. ^ Sheridan 1986, pp. 17–21.
  174. ^ John Stratton Hawley (2014). Krishna, The Butter Thief. Princeton University Press. pp. 10, 170. ISBN 978-1-4008-5540-7.
  175. ^ Krishna: Hindu Deity, Encyclopaedia Britannica (2015)
  176. ^ John M Koller (2016). The Indian Way: An Introduction to the Philosophies & Religions of India. Routledge. pp. 210–215. ISBN 978-1-315-50740-8.
  177. ^ Vaudeville, Ch. (1962). "Evolution of Love-Symbolism in Bhagavatism". Journal of the American Oriental Society. 82 (1): 31–40. doi:10.2307/595976. JSTOR 595976.
  178. ^ John M Koller (2016). The Indian Way: An Introduction to the Philosophies & Religions of India. Routledge. p. 210. ISBN 978-1-315-50740-8.
  179. ^ Jump up to:a b c Juan Mascaró (1962). The Bhagavad Gita. Penguin. pp. xxvi–xxviii. ISBN 978-0-14-044918-1.
  180. ^ Jump up to:a b Georg Feuerstein; Brenda Feuerstein (2011). The Bhagavad-Gita: A New Translation. Shambhala Publications. pp. ix–xi. ISBN 978-1-59030-893-6.
  181. ^ Nicholas F. Gier (2004). The Virtue of Nonviolence: From Gautama to Gandhi. State University of New York Press. pp. 36–40. ISBN 978-0-7914-5949-2.
  182. ^ John Dowson (2003). Classical Dictionary of Hindu Mythology and Religion, Geography, History and Literature. Kessinger Publishing. p. 361. ISBN 978-0-7661-7589-1.
  183. ^ See Beck, Guy, "Introduction" in Beck 2005, pp. 1–18
  184. ^ Knott 2000, p. 55
  185. ^ Flood 1996, p. 117.
  186. ^ Jump up to:a b See McDaniel, June, "Folk Vaishnavism and Ṭhākur Pañcāyat: Life and status among village Krishna statues" in Beck 2005, p. 39
  187. ^ Jump up to:a b Kennedy, M. T. (1925). The Chaitanya Movement: A Study of the Vaishnavism of Bengal. H. Milford, Oxford university press.
  188. ^ Indian Philosophy & Culture, Volume 20. Institute of Oriental Philosophy (Vrindāvan, India), Institute of Oriental Philosophy, Vaishnava Research Institute, contributors. The Institute. 1975. p. 148. On the touch-stone of this definition of the final and positive characteristic of Sri Krsna as the Highest Divinity as Svayam-rupa Bhagavan
  189. ^ Delmonico, N., The History Of Indic Monotheism And Modern Chaitanya Vaishnavism in Edwin Bryant & Maria Ekstrand 2004
  190. ^ De, S. K. (1960). Bengal's contribution to Sanskrit literature & studies in Bengal Vaisnavism. KL Mukhopadhyaya.p. 113: "The Bengal School identifies the Bhagavat with Krishna depicted in the Shrimad-Bhagavata and presents him as its highest personal God."
  191. ^ Bryant 2007, p. 381
  192. ^ "Vaishnava". encyclopedia. Division of Religion and Philosophy University of Cumbria. Archived from the original on 12 February 2012. Retrieved 13 October 2008., University of Cumbria website Retrieved 21 May 2008
  193. ^ Graham M. Schweig (2005). Dance of Divine Love: The Rڄasa Lڄilڄa of Krishna from the Bhڄagavata Purڄa. na, India's classic sacred love story. Princeton, N.J.: Princeton University Press. Front Matter. ISBN 978-0-691-11446-0.
  194. ^ Bhattacharya, Gouriswar: Vanamala of Vasudeva-Krsna-Visnu and Sankarsana-Balarama. In: Vanamala. Festschrift A. J. Gail. Serta Adalberto Joanni Gail LXV. diem natalem celebranti ab amicis collegis discipulis dedicata.
  195. ^ Klostermaier, Klaus K. (2005). A Survey of Hinduism. State University of New York Press; 3 edition. pp. 203–204. ISBN 978-0-7914-7081-7. Present-day Krishna worship is an amalgam of various elements. According to historical testimonies, Krishna-Vasudeva worship already flourished in and around Mathura several centuries before Christ. A second important element is the cult of Krishna Govinda. Still later is the worship of Bala-Krishna, the Child Krishna—a quite prominent feature of modern Krishnaism. The last element seems to have been Krishna Gopijanavallabha, Krishna the lover of the Gopis, among whom Radha occupies a special position. In some books, Krishna is presented as the founder and first teacher of the Bhagavata religion.
  196. ^ Basham, A. L. (May 1968). "Review: Krishna: Myths, Rites, and Attitudes. by Milton Singer; Daniel H. H. Ingalls". The Journal of Asian Studies. 27 (3): 667–670. doi:10.2307/2051211. JSTOR 2051211.
  197. ^ Couture, André (2006). "The emergence of a group of four characters (Vasudeva, Samkarsana, Pradyumna, and Aniruddha) in the Harivamsa: points for consideration". Journal of Indian Philosophy. 34 (6): 571–585. doi:10.1007/s10781-006-9009-x. S2CID 170133349.
  198. ^ Jump up to:a b Klostermaier, K. (1974). "The Bhaktirasamrtasindhubindu of Visvanatha Cakravartin". Journal of the American Oriental Society. 94 (1): 96–107. doi:10.2307/599733. JSTOR 599733.
  199. ^ Jacobsen, Knut A., ed. (2005). Theory And Practice of Yoga: Essays in Honour of Gerald James Larson. Brill Academic Publishers. p. 351. ISBN 978-90-04-14757-7.
  200. ^ Christopher Key Chapple (Editor) and Winthrop Sargeant (Translator), The Bhagavad Gita: Twenty-fifth–Anniversary Edition, State University of New York Press, ISBN 978-1438428420, pages 302–303, 318
  201. ^ Vaudeville, C. (1962). "Evolution of Love-Symbolism in Bhagavatism". Journal of the American Oriental Society. 82 (1): 31–40. doi:10.2307/595976. JSTOR 595976.
  202. ^ Bowen, Paul (1998). Themes and issues in Hinduism. London: Cassell. pp. 64–65. ISBN 978-0-304-33851-1.
  203. ^ Radhakrisnasarma, C. (1975). Landmarks in Telugu Literature: A Short Survey of Telugu Literature. Lakshminarayana Granthamala.
  204. ^ Sisir Kumar Das (2005). A History of Indian Literature, 500–1399: From Courtly to the Popular. Sahitya Akademi. p. 49. ISBN 978-81-260-2171-0.
  205. ^ Schomer & McLeod (1987), pp. 1–2
  206. ^ Nimbarka, Encyclopaedia Britannica
  207. ^ The religious system of the Mahānubhāva sect, by Anne Feldhaus, Manohar publications: Delhi, 1983.
  208. ^ "Thiruppavai". Ibiblio. Retrieved 24 May 2013.
  209. ^ Desika, Vedanta. "Gopala Vimshati". Ibiblio, Sripedia. Retrieved 23 May 2013.
  210. ^ Jaganathan, Maithily (2005). "Sri Krishna Jayanti". South Indian Hindu festivals and traditions (1st ed.). New Delhi: Abhinav Publication. pp. 104–105. ISBN 978-81-7017-415-8.
  211. ^ Bryant 2013, p. 42.
  212. ^ Alanna Kaivalya (2014), Sacred Sound: Discovering the Myth and Meaning of Mantra and Kirtan, New World, ISBN 978-1608682430, pages 153–154
  213. ^ Srila Prabhupada — He Built a House in which the whole world can live in peace, Satsvarupa Dasa Goswami, Bhaktivedanta Book Trust, 1984, ISBN 0-89213-133-0 page xv
  214. ^ Jump up to:a b c Charles Brooks (1989), The Hare Krishnas in India, Princeton University Press, ISBN 978-8120809390, pages 83–85
  215. ^ Peter Lavezzoli (2006), The Dawn of Indian Music in the West, Continuum, ISBN 0-8264-2819-3, page 195
  216. ^ Peter Clarke (2005), Encyclopedia of New Religious Movements, Routledge, ISBN 978-0415267076, page 308 Quote: "There they captured the imagination of The Beatles, particularly George Harrison who helped them produce a chart-topping record of the Hare Krishna mantra (1969) and ...".
  217. ^ Brian A. Hatcher (5 October 2015). Hinduism in the Modern World. Routledge. pp. 118–119. ISBN 978-1-135-04631-6.
  218. ^ Jump up to:a b c John Guy (2014). Lost Kingdoms: Hindu-Buddhist Sculpture of Early Southeast Asia. Metropolitan Museum of Art. pp. 17, 146–148. ISBN 978-1-58839-524-5.
  219. ^ Anne-Valérie Schweyer; Paisarn Piemmettawat (2011). Viêt Nam ancien: histoire arts archéologie. Editions Olizane. p. 388. ISBN 978-2-88086-396-8.
  220. ^ Jump up to:a b Marijke J. Klokke 2000, pp. 19–23.
  221. ^ Subhadradis Diskul (M.C.); Jean Boisselier (1997). Natasha Eilenberg; Robert L. Brown (eds.). Living a life in accord with Dhamma: papers in honor of professor Jean Boisselier on his eightieth birthday. Silpakorn University. pp. 191–204.
  222. ^ Triguṇa (Mpu.); Suwito Santoso (1986). Krĕṣṇāyana: The Krĕṣṇa Legend in Indonesia. IAIC. OCLC 15488486.
  223. ^ Marijke J. Klokke 2000, pp. 19–23, for reliefs details see 24–41.
  224. ^ John Guy; Pierre Baptiste; Lawrence Becker; et al. (2014). Lost Kingdoms: Hindu-Buddhist Sculpture of Early Southeast Asia. Yale University Press. pp. 222–223. ISBN 978-0-300-20437-7.
  225. ^ Beck 1993, pp. 107–108.
  226. ^ PV Kane, History of Sanskrit Poetics, Motilal Banarsidass, ISBN 978-8120802742 (2015 Reprint), pages 10–41
  227. ^ Varadpande 1987, pp. 92–94.
  228. ^ Vemsani, Lavanya (2016). "Music and Krishna". Krishna in history thought and culture. California: ABC-Clio LLC. pp. 179–180. ISBN 978-1-61069-210-6.
  229. ^ Graham Schweig ( 2007), Encyclopedia of Love in World Religions (Editor: Yudit Kornberg Greenberg), Volume 1, ISBN 978-1851099801, pages 247–249
  230. ^ Varadpande 1987, pp. 95–97.
  231. ^ Varadpande 1987, p. 98.
  232. ^ Zarrilli, P. B. (2000). Kathakali Dance-Drama: Where Gods and Demons Come to Play. Routledge. p. 246.
  233. ^ Jaini, P. S. (1993), Jaina Puranas: A Puranic Counter Tradition, ISBN 978-0-7914-1381-4
  234. ^ Upinder Singh 2016, p. 26.
  235. ^ See Jerome H. Bauer "Hero of Wonders, Hero in Deeds: "Vasudeva Krishna in Jaina Cosmohistory" in Beck 2005, pp. 167–169
  236. ^ Cort, J. E. (1993), Wendy Doniger (ed.), An Overview of the Jaina Puranas, in Purana Perennis, pp. 220–233, ISBN 978-1-4384-0136-2
  237. ^ Helmuth von Glasenapp (1999). Jainism: An Indian Religion of Salvation. Motilal Banarsidass. pp. 316–318. ISBN 978-81-208-1376-2.
  238. ^ Jump up to:a b Cort, J. E. (1993), Wendy Doniger (ed.), An Overview of the Jaina Puranas, in Purana Perennis, p. 191, ISBN 978-1-4384-0136-2
  239. ^ Jeffery D. Long (2009). Jainism: An Introduction. I. B. Tauris. p. 42. ISBN 978-1-84511-625-5.
  240. ^ "Andhakavenhu Puttaa". www.vipassana.info. Retrieved 15 June 2008.
  241. ^ Jump up to:a b Law, B. C. (1941). India as Described in Early Texts of Buddhism and Jainism. Luzac. pp. 99–101.
  242. ^ Jaiswal, S. (1974). "Historical Evolution of the Ram Legend". Social Scientist. 21 (3–4): 89–97. doi:10.2307/3517633. JSTOR 3517633.
  243. ^ G.P. Malalasekera (2003). Dictionary of Pali Proper Names. Asian Educational Services. p. 439. ISBN 978-81-206-1823-7.
  244. ^ Jump up to:a b H. T. Francis; E. J. Thomas (1916). Jataka Tales. Cambridge University Press (Reprinted: 2014). pp. 314–324. ISBN 978-1-107-41851-6.
  245. ^ Gunapala Piyasena Malalasekera (2007). Dictionary of Pāli Proper Names: A-Dh. Motilal Banarsidass. pp. 825–826. ISBN 978-81-208-3021-9.
  246. ^ Jump up to:a b E.B. Cowell; WHD Rouse (1901). The Jātaka: Or, Stories of the Buddha's Former Births. Cambridge University Press. p. 57.
  247. ^ Daniel E Bassuk (1987). Incarnation in Hinduism and Christianity: The Myth of the God-Man. Palgrave Macmillan. p. 40. ISBN 978-1-349-08642-9.
  248. ^ Edward Geoffrey Parrinder (1997). Avatar and Incarnation: The Divine in Human Form in the World's Religions. Oxford: Oneworld. pp. 19–24, 35–38, 75–78, 130–133. ISBN 978-1-85168-130-3.
  249. ^ Guth, C. M. E. (1987). "Monumenta Nipponica, Vol. 42, No. 1 (Spring, 1987 ), pp. 1–23". Monumenta Nipponica. 42 (1): 1–23. doi:10.2307/2385037. JSTOR 2385037.
  250. ^ "info-sikh.com - Diese Website steht zum Verkauf! - Informationen zum Thema info-sikh". ww1.info-sikh.com.
  251. ^ Smith, Peter (2000). "Manifestations of God". A concise encyclopedia of the Bahá'í Faith. Oxford: Oneworld Publications. pp. 231. ISBN 978-1-85168-184-6.
  252. ^ Esslemont, J. E. (1980). Bahá'u'lláh and the New Era (5th ed.). Wilmette, Illinois, USA: Baháʼí Publishing Trust. p. 2. ISBN 978-0-87743-160-2.
  253. ^ Siddiq & Ahmad (1995), Enforced Apostasy: Zaheeruddin v. State and the Official Persecution of the Ahmadiyya Community in Pakistan, Law & Inequality, Volume 14, pp. 275–324
  254. ^ Minahan, James (2012). Ethnic groups of South Asia and the Pacific: An Encyclopedia. Santa Barbara, USA: ABC-CLIO. pp. 6–8. ISBN 978-1-59884-659-1.
  255. ^ Burhani A. N. (2013), Treating minorities with fatwas: a study of the Ahmadiyya community in Indonesia, Contemporary Islam, Volume 8, Issue 3, pp. 285–301
  256. ^ Cormack, Margaret (2013). Muslims, and Others in Sacred Space. Oxford University Press. pp. 104–105.
  257. ^ Harvey, D. A. (2003). "Beyond Enlightenment: Occultism, Politics, and Culture in France from the Old Regime to the Fin-de-Siècle". The Historian. 65 (3): 665–694. doi:10.1111/1540-6563.00035. S2CID 143606373.
  258. ^ Schure, Edouard (1992). Great Initiates: A Study of the Secret History of Religions. Garber Communications. ISBN 978-0-89345-228-5.
  259. ^ See for example: Hanegraaff, Wouter J. (1996). New Age Religion and Western Culture: Esotericism in the Mirror of Secular Thought. Brill Publishers. p. 390. ISBN 978-90-04-10696-3., Hammer, Olav (2004). Claiming Knowledge: Strategies of Epistemology from Theosophy to the New Age. Brill Publishers. pp. 62, 174. ISBN 978-90-04-13638-0., and Ellwood, Robert S. (1986). Theosophy: A Modern Expression of the Wisdom of the Ages. Quest Books. p. 139. ISBN 978-0-8356-0607-3.
  260. ^ Crowley associated Krishna with Roman god Dionysus and Magickal formulae IAO, AUMand INRI. See Crowley, Aleister (1991). Liber Aleph. Weiser Books. p. 71. ISBN 978-0-87728-729-2. and Crowley, Aleister (1980). The Book of Lies. Red Wheels. pp. 24–25. ISBN 978-0-87728-516-8.
  261. ^ Apiryon, Tau; Apiryon (1995). Mystery of Mystery: A Primer of Thelemic Ecclesiastical Gnosticism. Berkeley: Red Flame. ISBN 978-0-9712376-1-2.
  262. ^ "आरती कुंजबिहारी की, Aarti Kunj Bihari Ki Hindi Lyrics". QzLyrics. 15 October 2013. Retrieved 15 October 2020.

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